{"id":2723,"date":"2022-07-21T18:09:41","date_gmt":"2022-07-21T15:09:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.gsmr-aden.org\/site\/?p=2723"},"modified":"2022-07-21T18:09:41","modified_gmt":"2022-07-21T15:09:41","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%83%d9%8a%d9%86-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%85%d9%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.gsmr-aden.org\/site\/2723\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646<br \/>\n\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f :- \u062f. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0634<br \/>\n\u064a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0628\u0630\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0628\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0624\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0648 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0639 \u061f \u0648\u0647\u0644 \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0646 (\u0643\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0631 ) \u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0648\u0647\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062e\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0628\u0630\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0647\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a .<br \/>\n*\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646<br \/>\n\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0634\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062d.\u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062e\u0630\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062b\u064a\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u062b\u0645 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631 \u062d\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0639\u0637\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0644\u064a\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 (\u0625\u062b\u064a\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u062c\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0646\u0634\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0629 .<br \/>\n\u0648\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a \u2013\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0646\u0634\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0641\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062b\u064a\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u062b\u0645 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631 \u062d\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0639\u0637\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0644\u064a\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0642\u0628\u0631\u0635 \u0648\u064a\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a \u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064f \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0632\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0648\u0633 (Zagros).<br \/>\n\u0648\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u062d\u0648\u0636 \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0645\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0623\u062b\u064a\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u0626\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062d\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0628 \u062c\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0634\u0624 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0641\u0627\u0631.<br \/>\n\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u0644\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0634\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0639\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0622\u062e\u0631.<br \/>\n\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062e\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 3000\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627. \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062e\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u062b\u0644\u062b \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 . \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0630 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0636\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u062d\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062c\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0646 late Oligocene \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0641\u0627 \u0631\u0641\u064a \u0623\u062b\u064a\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627 . \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062e\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 Endogenic Process \u0623\u062f\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 3666 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 (\u062c\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0634\u0639\u064a\u0628) \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062e\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0647\u0627 50000\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0623\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 10% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 28%\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062e\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062e\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 :<br \/>\n*\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a: \u062a\u0636\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062e\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u062d\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0646 (late Oligocene)\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0646 (early Miocene)\u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0647 31\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 16\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0639 &#8230;..\u0627\u0644\u062e \u0648\u0635\u062e\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0632\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646 . \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062e\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0646\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a .<br \/>\n\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062e\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0635\u062e\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u064a \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062f\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062e\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\/\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u063a\u0631\u0628 \/ \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0634\u0631\u0642 (E NNW\/SS)\u0623\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631.<br \/>\n*\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 : \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0646 (late Miocene) \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646 . \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062e\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062e\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0635\u062e\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 . \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062f\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0641\u0623\u0646 \u0623\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u2013\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0642 \/\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u2013 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u063a\u0631\u0628 (ENE\/WSW) \u0648\u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0623\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646:<br \/>\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u062a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 10\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 5\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 .<br \/>\n\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u2013 \u0628\u0626\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u2013\u0639\u062a\u0642 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0627\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0635\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062d \u2013 \u0645\u0623\u0631\u0628 \u2013\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621-\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646-\u0630\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u2013 \u0631\u062f\u0627\u0639 (\u062c\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 ) \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 5\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0649 :<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.gsmr-aden.org\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/FB_IMG_1658415682448.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-2724\" src=\"https:\/\/www.gsmr-aden.org\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/FB_IMG_1658415682448.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1050\" height=\"768\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.gsmr-aden.org\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/FB_IMG_1658415682448.jpg 1050w, https:\/\/www.gsmr-aden.org\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/FB_IMG_1658415682448-300x219.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.gsmr-aden.org\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/FB_IMG_1658415682448-768x562.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.gsmr-aden.org\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/FB_IMG_1658415682448-1024x749.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1050px) 100vw, 1050px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0634\u0624 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a :<br \/>\n*\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636<br \/>\n\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 (core) \u062d\u062c\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 (mantle) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 (crust).<\/p>\n<p>\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0642 2000 \u0643\u0645 \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f\u0629 (s-waves) \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 1300 \u0643\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631 \u0641\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0636\u063a\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 (p-waves) \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637 . \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 .<br \/>\n\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u062c\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 (mantle) \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u0642\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 .<br \/>\n\u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u064b\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 . \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062e\u0648\u0631:<br \/>\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0647\u064a : \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062e\u0648\u0631 \u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0627 (SiO2) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648 \u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627 Al2O3 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0644\u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062e\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629.<br \/>\n\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 : \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062e\u0648\u0631 \u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0627 (SiO2\u064d\u064d\u064d) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0627 (MgO) \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0633\u0629 .<br \/>\n\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 0.1% \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0645\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0636\u0626\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u062d\u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 6378 \u0643\u0645.<br \/>\n\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0629 :<br \/>\n\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 200\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646\u062c\u064a\u0627 (Pangea) \u0648\u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 . \u062a\u062c\u0632\u0623\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0648\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646.<br \/>\n\u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 40-35 \u0643\u0645 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0623\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a (rift-zones) \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062b\u064a\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f 80 \u0643\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0623\u062d\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0626\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0647\u0636\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u062a \u0648\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0641\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 7\u0643\u0645 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637.<br \/>\n\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0636 \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0628\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 .<br \/>\n\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0635\u062e\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 . \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0642\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0646 200 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062f\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b \u060c\u0648\u0644\u0639\u0644 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0647\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u062c\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0632 . \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0641\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0631 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<br \/>\n\u0648\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u062d\u062c\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062e\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0635\u0647\u0627\u0631. \u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u062d\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0641 \u062a\u0635\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062e\u0648\u0631. \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0635\u0647\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062e\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0628\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0635\u0647\u0627\u0631 . \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0647\u0631 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u0641 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062e\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062e\u0641\u0647.<br \/>\n\u0648 \u064a\u0635\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062e\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0647. \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0648\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0647\u0627 . \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u0647\u064a\u0631 (magma) \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062c\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0628\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0633\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 .<br \/>\n* \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 :<br \/>\n\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646<br \/>\n\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0633\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0634\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0623\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0630\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062e\u0631\u0629 . \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u0648 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0646\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062e\u0645\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0635 \u062d\u0645\u0645 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0645\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631. \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0648\u062c\u064a( (Fuji \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0630\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644 . \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 (volcanus) \u0625\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u062f\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646 .<br \/>\n\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646 :<br \/>\n\u0648\u062a\u0646\u062d\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0647\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0649:<br \/>\n1-\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637 \u0647\u0648 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0641\u062c\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 5%\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u064a\u0641\u0627 \u062f\u0648 \u062f\u0644 \u0631\u0648\u064a\u0632 nevado (Delruiz) \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a (Stromboli) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0625\u064a\u0637\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 .<br \/>\n2-\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u063a\u0641\u0644 \u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648 \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0625\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u062c\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0648\u062c\u064a (Fuji) \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0637\u0641\u062d \u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0648\u0646\u062a \u0648\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0631 (mount rainier) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0649 \u0633\u064a\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647.<br \/>\n3-\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0645\u0636\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0648\u0646\u062a \u0623\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0646\u062a (mount egremont) \u0641\u064a \u0646\u064a\u0648\u0632 \u064a\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0648 (Kilimanjaro) \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u062c\u0623\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 (Tristan da cunha) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1961\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0644\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0644 (Helgafell) \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0633\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1973\u0645.<br \/>\n\u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u0645\u0631\u062a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0631\u0632 (Kharaz) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0646 Amran-Aden line volcanoes \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0636\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0644\u0639\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0642\u0631\u0629 (Shuqrah) \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0649 260\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0627\u0645 . \u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0647\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0635\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062d \u2013 \u0645\u0623\u0631\u0628 \u0648 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0630\u0645\u0627\u0631- \u0631\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629.<br \/>\n\u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0648\u0648\u0636\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0648\u062c\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0639\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631 \u0647\u064a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u064a \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0623\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 (endogenic processes) \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0630\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a :<br \/>\n\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b:<br \/>\n\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631\u062a \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u062a\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0635\u062f\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 .<br \/>\n\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b:<br \/>\n\u0646\u0634\u0624 \u062c\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 (Isbil) \u0648\u062c\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a (Al-Lisi) \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0628\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062c\u0631\u0647 \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0644\u0635\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0635\u062e\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0625\u064a\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639.<br \/>\n\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u064b:<br \/>\n\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0628\u062d\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0622\u0646\u0641\u0627\u064b . \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0623\u064a \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0631\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0630 \u0623\u0646\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0625\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0630\u0631 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0623\u064a \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>-\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u064a\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0647 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0647\u064a\u0631. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627 \u064b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0635\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0626 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641\u0627 \u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a.<br \/>\n\u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0641\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0648 \u0634\u0627\u0647\u0642 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0622\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0635\u062d\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0628\u0627\u0631. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0645\u0645 \u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0630\u0641 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0648\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0636\u0639 \u0645\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648 \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0637\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d.<br \/>\n\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u062f \u0622\u0646\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0641\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0626\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0635\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u0646\u0641\u0630 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0633\u0631 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062f\u0639\u0627\u062a ) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062d.<br \/>\n\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0644\u0633\u064a \u0648\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0641\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0630\u0648\u0641 \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0644\u0633\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0623\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u062a \u0642\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0623\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0628\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0641\u0623\u0646\u0629 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0646\u0642\u0635\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0633\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645&#8221;\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0646\u0646\u0642\u0635\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627 &#8220;.<br \/>\n\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0629 \u062d\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646.<br \/>\n\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646:<br \/>\n\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0641\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0644 \u0641\u062c\u0627\u0621\u0647 \u0648\u064a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u062c\u062d\u064a\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0628\u0627\u064b .\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0643 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0635\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0634\u0631\u062d\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0630\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0623\u064a \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0647 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u062f \u0641\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0624\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644.<br \/>\n\u064a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u0631\u0635\u062f \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0628\u0639\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0648\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0647\u064a\u0631. \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062e\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f \u0641 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0637\u0641\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0631\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0639\u0644 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u062f\u062b\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0632\u0648\u0641 (Vesuvius) \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a.<br \/>\n\u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0624 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0623\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646. \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0647\u0632 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626\u0627\u064b \u0642\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062b\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 (\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0645\u0628\u064a\u064a) \u0648\u062f\u0641\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646.<br \/>\n\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u062e\u0628 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0647 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0622\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0645\u0637\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0647 \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0648 \u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0646\u0634\u0637 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0627\u0646\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u0648\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u062d\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647.<br \/>\n\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0641\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 5000 \u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0627\u064a\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 50\u0643\u0645.<br \/>\n\u0648\u063a\u0637\u062a \u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0648 35 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0631\u0641 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 150 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 30000 \u0634\u062e\u0635 . \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0634\u0646\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1980\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062f\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0641\u062a\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0631\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062f\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a \u0623\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0639\u0629.<br \/>\n\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0622\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0641\u0642\u062f 63 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u064b \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 . \u0623\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0646 \u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062d\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0642\u0637\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 13 \u0643\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u062a\u0647\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0644\u0623\u064a \u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 .<br \/>\n\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062f\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>*\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 :<br \/>\n\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0648 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0635\u062e\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a.<br \/>\n\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u0627\u064b.<br \/>\n\u0641\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647 \u064a\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0629 \u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0628\u062e\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 (CO2) \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a (SO2) \u0648\u0643\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u062f\u0627\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0636\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641 \u0641\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 (\u0641\u062d\u0645 \u062d\u062c\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0628\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644 \u060c \u063a\u0627\u0632) \u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0641\u062b\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0632\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 . \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0648\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0623\u0646 \u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631 \u0648\u064a\u0646 (\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0648- \u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0648- \u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 ) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0636\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629.<br \/>\n\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u063a\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0647\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0630 \u0623\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0641\u0641 \u064a\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0637 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0632\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0637\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u062b\u0644\u062c \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u063a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0628 \u0648 \u064a\u0646\u062c\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064f .<br \/>\n*\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646 :<br \/>\n\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a. \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0649 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0641\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 . \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f \u064a\u0632\u0631\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u062d \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062c\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u064a\u0637\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0631 \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631 \u0643\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0643\u0627\u064a \u062a\u0632\u0631\u0639 \u0623\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0628 . \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0646\u062f\u0631\u0643 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0635\u0628 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0628 \u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643 \u0628\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646. \u064a\u0636\u0627\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062f\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631 \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u062a\u0641\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062e\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<br \/>\n\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0641\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636. \u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0638\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0645\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0631\u064a.<br \/>\n\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0641\u0623\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u0627\u064a\u0632\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0648 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u0632\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636.<br \/>\n\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u064a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0636\u0648\u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630\u0647 .<br \/>\n\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u062f \u0641\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062a\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u060c\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 . \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062e\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0639\u0644 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064a\u062a \u060c\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u062a\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 .<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f :- \u062f. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0634 \u064a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0628\u0630\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0628\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0624\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0648 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0639 \u061f \u0648\u0647\u0644 &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2725,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2723","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-9"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.gsmr-aden.org\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2723","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.gsmr-aden.org\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.gsmr-aden.org\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.gsmr-aden.org\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.gsmr-aden.org\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2723"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.gsmr-aden.org\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2723\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2726,"href":"https:\/\/www.gsmr-aden.org\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2723\/revisions\/2726"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.gsmr-aden.org\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2725"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.gsmr-aden.org\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2723"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.gsmr-aden.org\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2723"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.gsmr-aden.org\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2723"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}